The rewiring of the network
Scientists at IT research center PARC are working on an improved Internet infrastructure that is more focused on multimedia.
An increasing number of computer scientists believe that it is time to rethink the basic elements of the network, we work with every day. The Hope: A fundamentally new approach is better to own, with the currently dominant Internet content, which are primarily in the area of multimedia deal. Bandwidth issues should be resolved.
Glenn Edens, director of network research at IT research center in Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) disturbs, especially that the Internet was originally designed to send small data packets in the form of a dialogue between the participating machines back and forth. "Today, however, the network is mostly used to distribute more content such as videos, pictures or e-mails." Edens at PARC research therefore for alternative solutions. The most important of them is called "Content-Centric Networking" (CCN) - a network that is aligned to the content.
The Internet is based on the transmission of data packets between Aressen internet protocol (for example, "193.99.144.80" for "heise.de") that belong to specific computer. Invites users a video from YouTube, the computer sends a message to the IP address of Google's server and asks to send the data to your own address. The Google server responds - and the router hardware on the Internet, which mediates between the two machines do, no more and no less, than this traffic to pass "stupid". Eden thinks this is a waste of time. "This whole infrastructure that is based on machine addresses, does not satisfy the more basic needs of the network, the people deliver the desired content as possible."
In a CCN would approach a computer that requests a video, request this information using a unique name, which speeds up the delivery. Router could then also between parts of the store content, which increases the speed of addition. In the example with the YouTube video a router near the requesting computer would deliver a popular clip immediately, without this request at all to send to the Google server somewhere in California have. "Unless one is the first person who wants to have a content that there is a high probability that it may be found."
Edens said that it would reduce the cost of distributing videos or other large files significantly to an equally large audience. This in turn would reduce the cost of other services running then a less congested infrastructure. The reliability of such a network is larger, because content is no longer need to travel such a long way.
In particular for connecting mobile devices, the process should own. Changes a smartphone or tablet between access points - such as a WLAN and a cellular network - is always a new IP address due, so that the data connection is interrupted and has to restart. In a CCN would be no problem because the IP does not play such a big role.
First specifications for the new network technology that PARC has revealed in 2009. An open-source software is now online ready to allow researchers to intensive testing. The PARC coordinates the work of art.
Among the companies participating in the project, including Cisco, Alcatel-Lucent and Toyota. "There are now several test networks that are not yet in production, but even greater than pure research networks," says Eden. Internet providers could also set up a CCN - "and save a lot of money."
"The main obstacle to the implementation not a technical but a cost," said Pablo Rodriguez, research director at Telefonica Digital, part of the Spanish telecommunications group Telefonica. The CCN approach promise Although efficiency gains, the investments made in existing solutions, however, are superior to at least medium. "Since the beginning of the network we are fighting with the distribution of large amounts of data."
Called content delivery networks (CDNs), such as are operated by Akamai deliver popular content right now locally in key regions of the world. You are constantly being expanded. Accordingly, it will still take a while to get a chance to CCN, says Rodriguez.
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